Ngā Pūrongo

I roto i te ao hanga whakapaipai, ko te whakamahinga o ngā hangarau me ngā taputapu matatau kei te akiaki tonu i te whanaketanga me te panonitanga o te umanga. I roto i ēnei, ko te whakaurunga o ngā mea matataungā mīhini perehi papa whakapaipaikua maha ngā huringa whakamiharo i kawea mai ki te āhua me te kounga o ngā whakapaipai.;

1.Ngā huringa nui o te āhua o ngā whakapaipai

（1）He pai ake te whakatinanatanga o te hoahoa, he uaua ake hoki

①Te pakaru i ngā herenga o ngā mahi toi tuku iho

He maha ngā uauatanga o ngā tikanga hanga whakapaipai tuku iho ki te hanga i ngā āhua uaua, pērā i te uaua ki te whakatutuki i te tino tika me te ōritetanga o te whakairo ā-ringa, me te uaua ki te whakaatu tika i ētahi tauira uaua me ngā hanganga toru-ahu. Mā ngā mīhini perehi papa whakapaipai matatau, me ngā pokepoke tino tika me te mana whakahaere pēhanga kaha, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā āhua uaua e kore e taea te whakataurite e te mahi toi tuku iho. Ka taea te tārua mārama me te tika i ngā tauira rei ataahua me ngā kakano kararehe ora ki runga i te mata o te whakapaipai mā te tukanga pēhi, ka nui ake te whakarei ake i te reo hoahoa o te whakapaipai.

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②Whakarei ake i te tikanga o te hiranga ā-toru-ahu

Mā te pēhi papa mataotao ka taea te whakapaipai i ngā whakapaipai ki ngā paparanga-toru-ahu whai rawa mā te pēhi papa maha-paparanga me te hoahoa pokepoke motuhake. Hei tauira, mā te pēhi papa he maha-paparanga te āhua o te putiputi, ka taea e te pēhi papa te pēhi motuhake i ngā paparanga rerekē o ngā rau, mai i ngā rau kua totoro ki waho ki ngā pūwero o roto kua piri tahi, he tino tika te āhua me te matotoru o ia paparanga, ka puta he pānga-toru-ahu me te kanapa o te rau katoa, pērā i ngā putiputi tūturu. Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā whakapaipai-toru-ahu papatahi tuku iho, ki ngā whakapaipai-toru-ahu ngāwari rānei, he ātaahua ake te titiro.

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（2）He maeneene ake te mata me te papatahi

①Pānga mata maeneene rite ki te whakaata

Ka taea e ngā mīhini perehi papa whakapaipai matatau te whakahāngai i te mata o ngā whakapaipai i te wā e pēhia ana. Ka tohatohahia tōna pēhanga kia ōrite, kia taea ai e te konganuku te toro atu me te piri ki roto i te pokepokea ai, ka hua ake he mata tino maeneene. I muri i te pokepokea ai, he tino teitei te mata o te whakapaipai, me te mea he rite ki te whakaata, ka whakaiti i te mahi o ngā tukanga whakakanapa i muri mai, ā, ka karohia te ngaronga o ngā taipitopito whakapaipai ka puta mai i te whakakanapa nui. Ehara i te mea ka whakarei ake tēnei mata maeneene i te kakano o te whakapaipai anake, engari ka pai ake te whakaata i te mārama, ka kanapa ake te whakapaipai ina mau.

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②Whakakorehia ngā hapa o te mata

He maha ngā wā ka puta ngā hapa pēnei i te pūwero hau me te pūwero onepu i te mata o ngā whakapaipai i te wā o te mahi hanga, ā, ka pā tēnei ki te āhua whānui. Mā te taiao kōpeketanga kati me te whakahaere tika o te rere o ngā rauemi o ngā mīhini perehi papa matatau ka tino whakaiti i te tūponotanga o ēnei hapa. Ahakoa te pēhi i ngā āhua uaua, ka taea te whakarite kia ōrite te whakakī o te rauemi whakarewa ki roto i te pokepokea ai, ka whakakorea te kore taurite me ngā hapa pea i runga i te mata, ka waiho te mata whakapaipai kia tino pai, kia kore he hapa.

2.Ngā huringa nui o te kounga o ngā whakapaipai

（1）Whakarei ake i te matotoru me te kaha o ngā konganuku

①Whakapai ake i te hanganga moroiti o ngā konganuku

I raro i te pēhanga kaha o ngā mīhini perehi papa whakapaipai matatau, ka piri ake, ka āta whakaritea te whakaritenga ngota i roto i te konganuku. Hei tauira, i muri i te maimoatanga pēhanga, ka matotoru ake te hanganga karaihe o te koura, ā, ka whakaitihia ngā āputa. Mā tēnei hanganga konganuku kua whakapaitia ka tino whakapai ake i te kaha o ngā whakapaipai, ka iti ake te ngāwari ki te whakarerekē me te pakaru ki te whakataurite ki ngā whakapaipai i hangaia mā ngā tikanga tuku iho, ā, ka roa ake te ora o ngā whakapaipai.;

②Whakapai ake i te ātete kakahu

Ko te pikinga ake o te mātotoru o te konganuku ka arahi tika ki te whakapakari ake i te ātete ki te kakahu. Mō ngā whakapaipai e mau ana i ia rā, he mea kore e taea te karo i te waku me te tukinga ki ngā mea o waho. Nā te matotoru o te mata konganuku, ka pai ake te ātete ki te kakahu me te pupuri i te kanapa me te āhua mō te wā roa. Ahakoa kua roa te kakahu, ka taea tonu te pupuri i te āhua pai.;

（2）Te rahi me te mana kounga tika ake

①Te mana whakahaere ātete ā-ahu tino pakari

Kei te mīhini tā papa whakapaipai matatau he pūnaha whakahaere tino tika, ka taea te whakarite tika i ngā tawhā rerekē i te wā e pēhia ana te papa, kia tutuki ai te mana whakahaere tino tika mō te rahi o ngā whakapaipai. Ahakoa ko te diameter o roto o te mowhiti, ko te roa o te kaki, ko te rahi rānei o ngā whakakai, ka taea te kī taurangi kei roto katoa i te awhe iti rawa o te manawanui. Ehara i te mea ka whakarite noa tēnei mana whakahaere rahi tika i te whakamarie o te mau whakapaipai, engari ka whakarite hoki i te taumata teitei o te ōritetanga i roto i ngā whakapaipai hanga-papatipu, e tutuki ana i ngā whakaritenga kounga paerewa.;

②Te whakapumautanga kounga pumau

Mō te kounga, ka taea e ngā mīhini tā papa matatau te whakahaere tika i te nui me te tohatoha o ngā rauemi whakarewa. Mā te pēhanga tika me te hoahoa pokepokea ai, ka whakarite kia ōrite te whakakī rauemi whakarewa o ia whakapaipai i te wā e pēhia ana, kia kore ai e rerekē te kounga e puta mai ana i te tohatoha rauemi koretake. Ko te tikanga o tēnei, he pumau, he pono hoki te kounga o ia whakapaipai e puta mai ana i te wheketere, e whakarei ake ana i te ingoa o te waitohu me te pai o te kaihoko.;

Hei whakarāpopototanga, he matataungā mīhini perehi papa whakapaipaiKua kawea mai e ēnei hangarau he panonitanga nui ki ngā āhuatanga katoa o te hanga whakapaipai, tae atu ki te hoahoa o waho, te kounga o te mata, ngā āhuatanga whakarewa, te rahi, me te whakahaere kounga. Kua werohia e ia te whanaketanga auaha o te umanga whakapaipai, e akiaki ana i ngā hua whakapaipai kia anga whakamua tonu ki te kounga teitei ake me te āhua ataahua ake. I te whanaketanga me te whakapainga ake o te hangarau, e tumanakohia ana ka nui ake te tūranga o ngā mīhini perehi papa whakapaipai matatau i roto i te mara o te hanga whakapaipai, ka hangaia he mahi whakapaipai whakamiharo ake.;