Ngā Pūrongo

I roto i te ao tukatuka koura me te hiriwa, ko te tikanga, ka whakamahia te whakakanapa hei hanga i te mata o te koura me te hiriwa kia kanapa ataahua. Heoi, mā te āwhina o temīhini whakarewa ingota korehau, ka taea e tātou te tūhura i ētahi tikanga ahurei hei whakatutuki i tēnei hua me te kore e whakakanapa. Ehara i te mea ka whakangawari noa i te rere o te tukanga, engari ka whakaitihia hoki ngā utu ki tētahi taumata, me te whakatutuki i ngā hua mata e pai ana.

1.Te tūhuratanga mātāpono

I roto i te taiao korehau, ka pāngia te tukanga whakapakeketanga o ngā konganuku e ngā panonitanga nui. Ka taea e te mīhini whakarewa ingota korehau te whakaiti i te awe o ngā poke me ngā hau i te rangi ki te rewa o te koura me te hiriwa. Ina whakapakeketia te koura me te hiriwa i roto i te taiao tata kore poke, ka rite ake, ka matotoru ake te tukanga whakatioata. Mā tēnei hanganga tioata rite, matotoru hoki e whakatakoto te turanga mō te kanapa tūturu o ngā mata koura me te hiriwa. Ki te whakatauritea ki te whakapakeketanga i roto i te taiao noa, ka whakaitihia e te taiao korehau ngā hapa o te mata e puta mai ana i ngā whakaurunga hau me te piri o te poke, ka maeneene ake, ka maeneene ake te taumata moroiti o te mata koura me te hiriwa. Ka taea e te mārama te whakaata me te huri i runga i tōna mata, ā, ka whakaatu i te kanapa ataahua.

2.Ngā taahiraa whakahaere

（1）Ngā mahi whakarite

Kōwhiringa rauemi mata: Kia tino whakamahia ngā rauemi mata koura me te hiriwa parakore. Mēnā he nui rawa te poke, ka pā kino tēnei ki te kanapa o te mata. Hei tauira, mā ngā rauemi mata koura me te hiriwa he 99.99% te parakore, ka taea te whakaiti i ngā hapa o te mata i puta mai i ngā poke.

Tirotiro taputapu: Whakahaerehia he tirotiro whānui o te mīhini whakarewa ingot korehau, tae atu ki te taea e te pūnaha korehau te whakatutuki i te taumata korehau kua tohua, te mahi noa o te taputapu whakamahana, me te mea kei te ora tonu te pokepoke ingot, kei te ma. Mena he turuturu kei roto i te pūnaha korehau, ka uru te hau ki roto, ka pā ki te taiao whakapakeke whakarewa; Ka taea e te taputapu whakamahana rerekē te rewa koretake o te koura me te hiriwa; Mena he paru, he kino rānei kei runga i te pokepoke ingot, ka puta he koretake o te mata o te ingot.

（2）Te whakarewa i te koura me te hiriwa

Te Utaina: Āta whakanohoia ngā rauemi mata koura me te hiriwa kua tohua ki roto i te ipu whakarewa o te mīhini whakarewa korehau. I te wā e utaina ana, me karo i ngā tukinga i waenga i ngā rauemi mata me te pakitara ipu whakarewa, ka puta ai he paru. I te wā anō, he mea nui kia whakarite kia whakanohoia ngā rauemi mata ki waenganui o te ipu whakarewa kia ōrite ai te wera.

Te papu korehau: Katia te tatau oumu o te mīhini whakarewa ingot ka tīmata te pūnaha korehau. Tangohia mārire te hau i roto i te mīhini whakarewa ingot ka whakahaere i te nekehanga korehau i roto i te awhe 10⁻³-10⁻⁵Pa e ai ki te mahi a te taputapu. Ka taea e tēnei tohu korehau te whakaiti i te parahanga o te hāora, te hauota me ētahi atu hau i te rangi ki te rewa o te koura me te hiriwa.

Te whakamahana me te whakarewa: Whakakāhia te taputapu whakamahana ka whakamahana i te tere whakamahana e tika ana kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga o te ira whakarewa o te koura me te hiriwa. Hei tauira, ko te ira whakarewa o te koura he tata ki te 1064℃, ā, ko te pāmahana rewa o te hiriwa he tata ki te 961℃. Ina tata atu ki te pūwāhi rewa, me whakaiti te tere whakamahana kia tika ai te rewa ōrite o te koura me te hiriwa, kia kore ai hoki e wera rawa. Kia rewa katoatia te koura me te hiriwa ki roto i te āhua wai, kia mau tonu te pāmahana mō tētahi wā kia ōrite ake ai te hanganga o te rewa.

（3）Te whakahāngai ingota

1. Te whakarite i te pokepokea ai: Whakamahanahia te pokepokea ai i te wā e rewa ana te koura me te hiriwa. Ko te pāmahana whakamahana tuatahi ka whakahaerehia i waenga i te 100-200℃, ā, ka taea te whakarite i te pāmahana motuhake kia rite ki ngā whakaritenga o te rauemi pokepokea ai me te pito koura me te hiriwa. Ko te kaupapa o te whakamahana i mua ko te whakarite i te pāmahana o te pokepokea ai kia ōrite, kia kore ai hoki e puta te kukū o te ahotea i puta mai i te rerekētanga pāmahana nui i te wā e ringihia ana te koura me te hiriwa rewa ki roto i te pokepokea ai, ka pā ki te kounga o te pito.

2. Te Maka: Ina tae te koura me te hiriwa rewa ki te pāmahana whakarewa e tika ana, ka ringihia mārire, ā, ka ōrite ki roto i te pokepokea ai kua whakamahanatia mā te taputapu whakarewa o te mīhini whakarewa korehau. I te wā e whakarewa ana, me pupuri tonu te tere rere pumau hei karo i te pōrearea, hei ārai hoki i te hau e kumea ana ki roto i te rewa.

3.Te whakahaere i te totoka:Ina tīmata te totoka o te koura me te hiriwa i roto i te pokepokea ai, ka taea te whakahaere i te tere totoka mā te whakarerekē i te pūnaha whakamatao o te mīhini whakarewa ira. I te nuinga o te wā, ka āwhina te tere totoka puhoi, ōrite hoki ki te hanga i tētahi hanganga tioata kiato ake. Hei tauira, ka taea te whakamahi i te huinga o te whakamatao taiao me te whakamatao hau taurite hei totoka āta haere, ōrite hoki i te ira mai i te mata ki roto.

3.Ngā Whakatūpato

1. Whakahaerehia rawatia ngā tawhā taiao:I roto i te tukanga katoa, me aro turuki tonu i ngā tawhā pēnei i te nekehanga korehau, te pāmahana, me te wā. Tērā pea ka pā kino te rerekētanga o tētahi tawhā ki te kanapa o te mata whakamutunga. Hei tauira, ki te kore e ranea te korehau, ka uru pea te hau ki roto, ka puta he porous ki te mata o te ingot; Ki te kore e tika te whakahaere i te pāmahana, ka hua pea he hanganga tioata matotoru, kāore rānei i te ōrite.

2. Ngā whakaritenga pūkenga mō ngā kaiwhakahaere: Me nui te wheako o ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te whakahaerengā mīhini whakarewa ingota korehaume te māramatanga hōhonu ki te hangarau tukatuka koura me te hiriwa. I roto i te tukanga whakahaere, me taea te aromatawai tika i ngā āhuatanga rerekē me te mahi i ngā mahi urupare tika me te wā tika.

3. Te tiaki i ngā taputapu i ia wā:Hei whakarite kia pai tonu te mahi a te mīhini whakarewa korehau, me tiaki tonu ngā taputapu. Tae atu ki te horoi i te pūnaha korehau, te tirotiro i ngā wāhanga whakamahana, te whakatikatika i ngā pūoko pāmahana, me ētahi atu, kia tutuki ai ngā whakaritenga katoa mō ngā tohu mahi o ngā taputapu.

Mā roto i ngā mahi o te mīhini whakarewa korehau kua whakahuatia ake nei, ka taea e te mata o te koura me te hiriwa te whakaputa i tētahi kanapa ataahua, me te kore e whakamahi i ngā tukanga whakakanapa tuku iho. Mā tēnei tikanga ka puta he huarahi hou me te whiriwhiri tukanga mō te umanga tukatuka koura me te hiriwa, e āwhina ana ki te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te whakaputa me te kounga o te hua.